2219 铝合金VPTIG 焊接接头拉伸性能分析

2219 铝合金气孔敏感性较强,变极性TIG 焊接工艺可以有效减少和抑制气孔产生,是适合于
2219 铝合金的焊接工艺。本文介绍了2219T62 铝合金VPTIG 焊接接头的拉伸性能,进行了拉伸断口形貌分析
和微观组织分析。结果表明:2219T62 铝合金VPTIG 焊接接头强度系数可以达到65% 以上,焊接接头为混合
断裂方式,VPTIG 焊缝盖面层气孔相比打底层较多。     

基于机器视觉的搅拌摩擦焊缝装配质量评测方法

搅拌摩擦焊常采用无坡口焊缝,焊缝装配质量对搅拌摩擦焊装配质量影响较大,通过焊缝的特征,可以对搅拌摩擦焊缝的装配质量进行评判。线结构光是提取焊缝特征的常用手段,基于结构光传感器扫描获得的焊缝轮廓信息多通过离散的点进行表示,如何高效地从轮廓点中提取焊缝轮廓信息,是焊缝特征识别的新挑战。本文提出一种基于机器视觉的焊缝装配质量评测方法,将离散的轮廓点转换为位图,通过抗锯齿算法提高轮廓直线特征的识别可靠性,并计算对应焊缝的装配质量信息,进而实现对整条焊缝的装配质量的量化评价。与传统的离散点拟合方法相比,本方法具有较为明显的效率优势。     

2219铝合金拉拔式摩擦塞焊数值模拟

基于有限元（FEM）基础理论，建立了拉拔式摩擦塞焊（FPPW）二维轴对称热-力耦合模型，对FPPW焊接过程中的焊接温度场、塑性流动进行数值模拟。研究结果表明，因界面处摩擦热向外部环境散失，焊接初始阶段的界面温升速率高于准稳态阶段。试板侧温度梯度高于塞棒侧，热量易在塞棒侧进行集中；材料强度和变形抗力随温度和应变上升而下降，试板上壁面优先形成摩擦界面并先于下壁面出现塑性金属流动形成飞边，下壁面材料待充分软化后方才出现塑性金属流动；FPPW焊接过程达到准稳态阶段后，焊接界面处应力状态呈中心压应力、两侧拉应力分布，拉应力驱动了上、下壁面处焊接飞边的成形。模拟结果与实际结果一致。     

M50钢表面磁控溅射Ti-GLC薄膜高温摩擦学性能

为了研究高温环境下轴承钢基体上Ti掺杂类石墨碳基薄膜的实际应用，采用非平衡磁控溅射技术在M50钢表面制备Ti-GLC膜，分别在不同温度、不同线速度下与Al₂O₃陶瓷球进行摩擦磨损试验，研究其高温摩擦学性能及磨损机理。结果表明，随着温度的升高，Ti-GLC膜中的sp²键含量逐渐增大，石墨化程度加重，硬度和弹性模量逐渐降低，膜基结合力也有所降低。在室温～200℃，所制备的Ti-GLC薄膜保持优异的低摩擦与耐磨损性能，为Ti-GLC薄膜的最佳服役温度区域。在200 mm/s下，随着温度的升高，磨损形式由轻微的黏着磨损和磨粒磨损逐渐转变为严重的磨粒磨损和氧化磨损。     

焊接接头典型缺陷的数字X射线尺寸测量技术

为了准确测量焊接接头典型缺陷的尺寸,提出了一种基于半波高法(HWH)的焊接接头缺陷数字射线尺寸测量技术。首先,分析了数字射线检测系统的调制传递函数(MTF),确定了检测系统的空间分辨率。其次,对焊接接头的典型缺陷进行模拟,通过半波高法测量其尺寸。结果表明:依据瑞利判据,运用双丝像质计测定该检测系统的空间分辨率为4.5 Lp/mm;运用该方法测量焊接接头缺陷尺寸,与实际尺寸基本相符,误差小于6.3%,该方法避免了人为因素的影响,精度可满足日常产品的检测需求。     

2195铝锂合金弧焊技术研究现状

铝锂合金具有密度低、比模量高、比强度高、抗疲劳及腐蚀性能良好等特点,被认为是航空航天领域最有应用前途的结构材料之一。本文回顾了铝锂合金的发展历程,介绍了新一代2195铝锂合金的成分、组织结构及可焊接性,分析其焊接过程出现的主要问题,概述了国内外机构通过优化2195铝锂合金配用焊丝及弧焊工艺,改善接头组织结构及力学性能的研究工作,展望国内铝锂合金弧焊技术的发展趋势。     

Through-thickness heterogeneity in creep properties of friction stir welding 7B50-T7451 aluminum alloy thick plate joint: Experiments and modeling

Through-thickness heterogeneity in creep properties of 7B50-T7451 aluminum alloy Friction Stir Welding(FSW) joints was investigated. Creep tests for three slices of the FSW joint were conducted at the temperature of 150–200 °C and applied stress of 60–225 MPa. The theta projection method was used to predict creep curves and minimum creep rate. The results show that the minimum creep rate increases and creep rupture life decreases with the increase of creep temperature and applied stress. Creep p...     

2195铝锂合金钨极氩弧焊接工艺研究

针对2195铝锂合金在焊接时裂纹敏感性高、气孔敏感性高、易氧化等问题，开展氩弧焊接工艺研究，对焊接头的抗裂性、力学性能及显微组织进行了分析。研究表明，提高焊缝金属中的Cu含量，可以有效降低2195铝锂合金熔焊接头的裂纹敏感性，裂纹率K₁=0%,K₂=0%。2195铝锂合金单面双层焊接接头力学性能最佳，抗拉强度超过376 MPa，延伸率达到5.5%。提高焊接试板的清理深度可以解决焊接气孔敏感性高的问题，增加氩气拖后保护及背保护措施可以有效防止焊接氧化问题。熔焊工艺研究可为2195铝锂合金的工程应用提供技术支撑。     

激光熔化沉积快速成形TC4钛合金的焊接性能

为了探索激光熔化沉积快速成形技术制备TC4钛合金的焊接性能,分别采用电子束焊、激光焊两种方法制备接头试样,并借助金相、硬度试验等方法获得接头力学性能、显微组织及硬度。结果表明:两种焊接方法得到的接头抗拉强度最高达953 MPa,焊接系数均0.9;激光和电子束焊接焊缝为网篮状α'相马氏体组织,热影响区为α相和针状马氏体组织组成。激光熔化沉积快速成形TC4钛合金和传统工艺制造的TC4钛合金在焊接特性方面表现相当。     

Review on residual stress and its effects on manufacturing of aluminium alloy structural panels with typical multi-processes

In the aerospace industry, integrated aluminium alloy plates and stiffened panels with high accuracy and performance attract significant interest. To manufacture these panels as integrity with high accuracy, multiple processes need to be utilised, such as machining, welding and forming. During the whole manufacturing chain, residual stresses can be generated and redistributed in the components among different processes. The residual stress would significantly affect the shapes and properties of the final products. Currently, these great effects are not well considered in the design and manufacturing processes. This paper aims to draw a general understanding of the residual stress generated in the pre-manufacturing processes and its effects on subsequent manufacturing processes. The mechanisms and distributions of residual stresses generated in typical pre-manufacturing processes of structural panels, including machining, welding and additive manufacturing (AM), are firstly summarised. The detailed effects of generated residual stresses on distortion and application properties in subsequent manufacturing processes are then concluded. In addition, current methods developed for the investigation of residual stress effect in multi-processes manufacturing are critically reviewed, including experimental, analytical, finite element (FE) and machine learning methods. Furthermore, the future development trend of methods for residual stress consideration and control in the design of manufacturing processes is summarised, providing comprehensive guidance to achieve the high accurate manufacturing of aluminium alloy structural components.